This path represents the shortest amount of time that can be taken to reach a layer and return. The NIP is where you have the shot and the geophone in the same location and the path taken by the recorded sound waves is perpendicular to the boundaries between the layers. The easiest way to accomplish this is by recording the normal incidence path (NIP). This is done by developing a velocity spectra display to determine the velocity through different layers at depth. Semblance analysis allows for the refinement of seismic data. The use of semblance analysis allows for the removal of the extra noise and leaves only the primary reflection. The primary reflections of these layers were often obscured by the background noise as well as noise from the many secondary reflections that are produced. Prior to the discovery of this method, identifying the main reflections produced by the many layers under the ground was fairly difficult. Semblance analysis is a technique that first began to be developed and used in the late 1960s. Weighted semblance can be used for increasing the resolution of traditional semblance or make traditional semblance capable of analyzing more complicated seismic data. The new data received following the semblance analysis is usually easier to interpret when trying to deduce the underground structure of an area. The use of this technique along with other methods makes it possible to greatly increase the resolution of the data despite the presence of background noise. Semblance analysis is a process used in the refinement and study of seismic data.
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